The applicant, Syrian national, was apprehended by the Turkish authorities in 2018 when trying to enter Greece. He had had temporary protection status in Turkey since 2014. He was deported to Syria two days later, without being able to challenge this return decision. The applicant claimed that he and other Syrians, during the bus journey of approximately twenty hours, were handcuffed to one another in pairs. The applicant stated that after entering Syria, he was apprehended by armed militants of the Al-Nusra organisation, blindfolded, interrogated and beaten. The Court found violations of Article 3 upon the applicants removal to Syria, as it was common knowledge that the territory was a war zone and that sufficient information existed for the state to be informed. Article 13 was violated due to lack of effective remedy for the applicant to challenge his expulsion in accordance with Turkish domestic law. The Court found violations of Article 5 (1), (2), (4) and (5) regarding the applicant’s detention.